latimes.com/news/local/la-me-poll-pensions-20110425,0,2397255.story
Times/USC Dornsife poll: California voters want public employees to help
ease state's financial troubles
A cap on pensions and a later retirement age — even for current public
employees — are supported by the poll's respondents.
By Shane Goldmacher, Los Angeles Times
4:23 PM PDT, April 24, 2011
Reporting from Sacramento
California voters want government employees to give up some retirement
benefits to help ease the state's financial problems, favoring a cap on pensions
and a later age for collecting them, according to a new poll.
Voter support for
rolling back benefits available to few outside the public sector comes as Gov.
Jerry Brown and Republicans in the Legislature haggle over changes to the
pension system as part of state budget negotiations. Such benefits have been a
flashpoint of national debate this year, and the poll shows that Californians
are among those who perceive public retirement plans to be too
costly.
Voters appear ready to embrace changes not just for future hires
but also for current employees who have been promised the benefits under
contract.
Seventy percent of respondents said they supported a cap on
pensions for current and future public employees. Nearly as many, 68%, approved
of raising the amount of money government workers should be required to
contribute to their retirement. Increasing the age at which government employees
may collect pensions was favored by 52%.
Although pension costs today
account for just a fraction of the state budget, they are putting local
governments under considerable financial strain, and analysts say effects on the
state may not be far off.
"It's pretty clear that there's broad support
for making changes in the area of pensions," said Democratic pollster Stanley
Greenberg, who co-directed the bipartisan poll for The Times and the USC
Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences.
Many public safety
officers can retire at 50 with a pension equal to 3% of their final salary for
each year worked — for example, 60% of salary after 20 years on the job. Many
other state employees can retire at 55, with 2.5% of salary for each year
worked. And tens of thousands of public workers may also purchase "air time" —
credit for years they do not actually work — to boost their retirement
income.
Guaranteed pensions have faded from corporate America in recent
decades, replaced largely by 401(k) accounts that workers pay into and that rise
and fall based on the fluctuations of financial markets. Voters back an
integration of such plans into the government retirement system, with 66%
supporting a blend of the traditional pension and a 401(k).
"It's just
gotten way out of hand," said Beverly Marcelja, a 67-year old Democrat and
retiree living in Tracy, in the Central Valley.
David Martinez, 59, a
nonpartisan voter who lives in Rowland Heights, said existing retirement plans
reflect a time when private-sector workers were afforded the same
pensions.
"It's come to the point where the government is paying much
more than private industry is," he said. "It should be equal."
The public
sentiment is a cause for concern for organized labor. Public employee unions
that spent millions of dollars helping to elect Brown are working aggressively
to keep their pensions intact. But the governor has made clear that he believes
they must make concessions as the state struggles.
Art Pulaski, executive
secretary-treasurer of the California Labor Federation, said the public is
trapped in a "moment of envy" over benefits that he maintains are far from
lavish.
His union's position is that every worker should be entitled to a
pension, not an unsecured retirement reliant on Wall Street earnings. Policy
makers should focus on winning back a stable retirement for private-sector
workers rather than demonize public employees, he said.
Some state and
local public employee unions have already agreed to some changes, such as a
delay in the retirement age for new hires.
"It's one thing for Republican
governors in Wisconsin and Indiana to support these types of changes, but seeing
this type of support from California voters, even California Democrats, is
really remarkable," said Dan Schnur, director of the Jesse M. Unruh Institute of
Politics at USC and a former GOP strategist.
Among Democratic
respondents, 71% supported increasing retirement contributions for future hires
and 66% backed a pension cap for both current and future workers. However, fewer
than half of the Democrats surveyed favored cutting benefits and raising the
retirement age for current employees.
Majorities of Republican and
nonpartisan voters favored every potential money-saving pension change they were
asked about.
Linda DiVall, a Republican pollster who co-directed the
poll, said the results show that on the subject of retirement benefits, the
public believes it is "unfair what the state employees have going for
them."
Although Republicans have crusaded for years against what they
view as bloated government pensions, California voters are not confident that
they are best suited to tackle the issue. Only 29% said Republicans would best
handle a revamping of the pension system, whereas 43% would prefer that an
overhaul be left in the hands of Brown and his fellow Democrats.
And
although voters strongly supported downsizing parts of the pension system, they
were divided on whether most public employees were compensated appropriately.
Forty-three percent said wages and benefits were too high; 33% said they were
about right; 12% said they were too low.
The Times/USC Dornsife College
of Letters, Arts and Sciences poll surveyed 1,503 registered voters from April 7
to 17. It was conducted by a bipartisan team of polling companies based in the
Washington, D.C., area: Greenberg Quinlan Rosner, a Democratic firm, and
American Viewpoint, a Republican firm.
The margin of error is plus or
minus 2.53 percentage points. Some pension questions were posed to half the
respondents and have a margin of error of plus or minus 3.58 percentage
points.
shane.goldmacher@latimes.com
Copyright © 2011, Los Angeles Times